What are the characteristics of rubber shock absorbers?

Rubber shock absorbers, as an important vibration-damping component, have been widely used in various types of machinery, automobiles, railroad locomotives, watercraft, airplanes and other aircraft. It can be said that wherever vibration damping and isolation are required, rubber shock absorbers are needed.
 
The reason why rubber shock absorbers are so widely used is that they effectively utilize many characteristics of rubber as follows.
 
1 . Rubber is highly elastic and viscoelastic.
 
2 . The elastic deformation of rubber is large and the modulus of elasticity is small compared to that of steel.
 
3 . The impact stiffness of rubber is greater than the dynamic stiffness, and the dynamic stiffness is greater than the static stiffness, which is conducive to reducing impact deformation and dynamic deformation.
 
4. The stress-strain curve is an elliptical hysteresis line, whose area is equal to the vibration energy transformed into heat in each vibration cycle, which can be adjusted by the formulation design.
 
5. Rubber is an incompressible material.
 
6 . The rubber shape can be freely selected and the hardness can be adjusted by the formulation design to meet the requirements of stiffness and strength in different directions.